Sunday 25 January 2015

Multimedia and the presentation of digital content content.


From our discussion in class last week, I began to think about multimedia as we discussed the number of ways one can provide viewers of online exhibits with information. Multimedia was also term I had noticed earlier the term from the first week of readings. [i] That week, one of the articles had caught my eye and I ended up reading it more than any of the more applicable or academic focused chapters such as archeology. Instead I was drawn to the multimedia chapter as I strongly remember when that term was widely used as a consumer buzzword back in the mid to late 90’s. Multimedia as I remember was huge and a brave new world with not just text but pictures and perhaps even some low quality audio files playing downgraded versions of fair use music. More specifically, this chapter on multimedia reminded me of Encarta 95, the electronic encyclopedia often packaged with Windows 95 OS computers.[ii] I remember thinking that an electronic encyclopedia was probably one of the most impressive things on my home computer. Still, at that point I would say that I was far from being as interested in history or anything academic but it still was really neat having what was essentially a very basic offline Wikipedia at my disposal. If I remember correctly, Encarta 95 also had built in explanations regarding navigation via in-text links a feature that was new to many pc users. Likewise, the ability to open multiple windows of information at once was also relatively new, something that when looking at the online exhibits is assumed to be common knowledge today.[iii]  Additionally, going back to the readings emphasis on multimedia and how information is presented, it is strange to think that back in elementary school it was amazing when your average computer could have decent sound and visuals for a teaching purpose.[iv] I also find it strange to think that the concept of having text and audio was revolutionary for home use when sites like Wikipedia, despite its inherent  open editing flaws, is a huge database of information including, maps, art, audio, clips and video all to presents.[v] All of this made me think about the course project and how one must present information in a meaningful way and how we all need to ensure our projects give the correct information for the appropriate audience.

Quick sidetrack to this week’s readings,
This week’s readings, however, have a different perspective. Instead of focusing on the multimedia aspect of digital humanities which is now pretty much the norm in terms of online resources like Wikipedia, we have more advanced programs looking at the raw data of texts and using special algorithms and codes.[vi] At first, I almost wince in pain thinking about mining text for data but clearly you can come up with some very interesting questions and information from such a project and those practices should definitely not be overlooked in favor of the more flashy appeal of multimedia heavy projects. Not shying away from the unsavory or boring methods of gathering and working with text based data, when the relative candy story of visual and audio aids is right around the corner, is definitely going to be a challenge for me in this course.




[iii] http://chnm.gmu.edu/1989/ An online exhibit with very simple layout but no explanation as to its navigation as it is assumed to be straight forward for anyone who uses computers.       
[iv] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxNsIBJOAA8 Audio intro to Encarta ’95 which includes a mix of many audio clips contained on the CD.

Sunday 18 January 2015

Online Exhibits

Upon reviewing one of the recommended online exhibits, I realized that this was another example of how digital tools are changing the way information is both presented and shared. One major advantage I see with these exhibits is how information is organized, specifically, how the exhibit is structured into specialized sections focusing on certain themes, topics or content.[i] These sections allow for viewers to quickly and effectively find the specific information they wish to view without having to page through an entire book, paper, or article in order to find the sought after information. Despite this advantage it is not flawless and I found the essay sections on the Cold War exhibit disjointed and flowed poorly when read back to back. This complaint is completely subjective but because of the independent nature of these sections, the actual content does not read as well as your average journal article or monograph.
Another advantage to these online exhibits is the use of multimedia. I found that the use of movies, pictures and audio files. These additional media resources really make these online exhibits standout from traditional academic sources of a single medium. Obviously, multiple forms of media is not only useful for teaching history, it is also more entertaining for viewers, mixing in interesting visual and audio resources.  For example, I found the addition of political posters from eastern European countries during the build up to the fall of the communist bloc, were very interesting to examine alongside the main text.[ii] Sources such as these give viewers another dimension in which to learn and interact with the historic content.  Unfortunately, I have discovered that there is an inherent flaw with using such sources. While looking through the Cold War exhibit I found that one of the additional video sources linked within one of the sections was no longer available as the video was hosted on YouTube but has since been taken down.[iii] There is an issue with an exhibit that boasts the availability of videos depicting important historical events and then fails to provide that extra experience.   This issue, however, can be fixed through using video not hosted on secondary sites or by ensuring that online exhibits are curated or maintained with some degree of regularity as any other online database would be, making sure that viewers are able to access all of the intended information. Without this constant maintenance, the advantage of being online is nearly rendered useless as the exhibit, as a whole, is incomplete. Personally, I am in favor of these kinds of online resources but only if there is a certain level of quality control that will prevent them from degrading from their original published form. Simply put, I see online exhibits as having great potential in being effective teaching or learning tools but until some of the bugs are worked out, they occasionally fall short in the very area that make them unique and effective.



[i]  Making the history of 1989: online exhibit. http://chnm.gmu.edu/1989/exhibits/intro/1989revolutions essay section with different sub sections on particular countries.
[iii] http://chnm.gmu.edu/1989/items/show/696 YouTube video comes up as removed.

Monday 12 January 2015

Digital tools and the Future.

I find that, without question, the accessibility and growing collection of online data bases is the digital tool that has had the largest impact on my studies and more than likely will continue to do so, well into the future. I know it’s not the most original answer given that as a history student, I am expected and will be expected to find a multitude of sources to support anything academic I might write. Additionally, beyond first year, the resources available through Primo and the university library are simply not adequate to more expansive and specific research projects and essays of higher level courses. Students are required to continually look to new and different databases for sources and information.[i] As a student thinking about his potential future in academia, I can only assume that my familiarity with these databases and search engines will only increase as I delve deeper into research topics and papers. The uses of these online databases are not just limited to a student’s research but have also become an invaluable tool for professors.  In the 2014 fall semester, I enrolled in the 4th year rural Canadian history class taught by Professor Catharine Wilson. This class had numerous assigned reading articles from many different digital databases including a couple of Professors Wilson’s own articles, one of which was hosted on Project Muse, a data base I was not overly familiar with.[ii] It was this particular reading that made me realize how vital such digital databases had become to teaching as they were now allowing professors to provide students with a multitude of resources without burdening students with the cost of additional physical texts. I don’t think I am alone in believing that this trend will continue well into my future either as a student in graduate studies or teachers college where physical texts are becoming more and more costly when compared to the digital alternative. I also think this trend will follow me to the potential career in teaching high school where access to databases provide teachers with far more resources than a traditional set of textbooks.  An additional benefit of digital texts is the automated citation tools they provide. These automated citations are ever evolving, streamlining the citation process by allowing users to customize the citation in whatever style they desire.[iii]  Such a convenient resource is an obvious asset in any future academic endeavor. There are so many other ways that digital tools have and will influence my academic career that I can’t possibly address them all in one post but suffice it to say the flexibility and growing availability of academic information is a key way digital tools are changing our learning and teaching practices.




[i] http://www.lib.uoguelph.ca/ The University of Guelph library’s main page and the first of many databases available to Guelph students.
[ii] Catharine Anne Wilson. "A Manly Art: Plowing, Plowing Matches, and Rural Masculinity in Ontario, 1800–1930." The Canadian Historical Review 95, no. 2 (2014): 157-186. http://muse.jhu.edu/ (accessed January 11, 2015).
[iii]  Data bases such as Project Muse and JSTOR allow for users to request the citation in a particular style. See the side bar of the above listed text on project muse for an example.